Offshore call centre Free Essay Example, 1500 words

1.4 Outsourcing vs. Offshoring Arguments in Favor of Offshoring. Numerous benefits have been identified to be related with firms’ decision to opt for offshore. In this regard, offshore outsourcing provides client firms with increased flexibility in alignment with the selection and switching amid the suppliers. Eventually, it adds to a firm’s capability to improve its competencies particularly related with innovation and strengthening R Bertrand & Mol, n.d. ). Innovation in the current business domain is ascertained to be an extremely important element for the success and growth of an organization. We will write a custom essay sample on Offshore call centre or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now This creates a need for the firms to realize new capabilities that are not presently available within their internal capabilities, which can be achieved through offshore outsourcing. Knowledge sharing is also considered to have a positive impact on the performance of a business. Correspondingly, offshore outsourcing is further believed to facilitate an increased level of knowledge sharing, which in turn is expected to cultivate innovation, resulting in augmenting the efficiency of the client firms at large (Garcà ­a-Vega & Huergo, 2011). Arguments against Offshoring. Although offshore outsourcing is claimed to offer significant benefits to client firms, yet the establishment of offshoring business model can found to be accompanied with certain inherent risks. Notably, one of the prime risks associated with offshore outsourcing is primarily related with rigidness pertaining to alteration of the package of outsourced agreements. Another major risk associated with offshore outsourcing is related with the selection of suppliers. Besides, offshore outsourcing creates a requirement for the client firms to build financial models that addresses the issues pertaining to exchange rate fluctuations, interest rates, inflation rates as well as other treasury difficulties for eliminating any possible conflict or misunderstanding with the vendor firms.

The Collapse Of The Oslo Negotiations - 1796 Words

Although the claim that the collapse of the Oslo negotiations was due to a failure of process rather than of substance carries some weight, I will argue that had the substance of the terms of Oslo been more explicit and had they avoided an open-ended gradualism approach, I doubt that the ensuing process would have had such a devastating effect on the negotiations. In the following essay I will analyse the key reasons for the failure of Oslo, namely the constructive ambiguity of the terms themselves and how this contributed to creating conflicting misconceptions regarding the final settlement, the lack of an explicit commitment to the two-state solution as the end-point of the negotiations and finally the gradualist structure for the peace†¦show more content†¦This was the first of among many terms whose meaning was effectively nullified by the â€Å"constructive ambiguity† of the Oslo Accords. Abd Al-Sahfi furthers this argument stating that, through the Accords, the status of the West Bank and Gaza strip was being blurred from being recognisably ‘occupied’ to only being ‘disputed’ as well as Ben-Ami stating ‘there is nothing in the letter of the Oslo accords that prevents the creation of settlements’ . Israel capitalised upon this ambiguity through its settlement expansion programme, to them, a provision merely implied could not be relied upon, especially as there were no provisions for a complete Israeli withdrawal from the occupied territories, even as a final status issue. To the Palestinians this was ‘indicative of Israel’s inability to take a decision that would recognize these as Palestinian territories’ , even if the Israelis claimed this was a matter of interpreting the terms as only applying to the legal status of the occupied territories rather than to the demographic and geographic status-quo. Though the Accords enumerate a number of contentious issues to be deferred to a la ter date, with even reference being made to UN Security Council Resolution 242 (the withdrawal of territories) the Israelis profited from the openness of the terms so as to ‘exploit their powers as occupiers to the hilt’ so that by the time final status negotiations discussing Palestinian statehood

Global Financial Imbalances Essay Free Essays

string(290) " You can also review Free Politics Essay – International Political Economy Global Financial imbalances Liberalisation of trade is pursued by states because it defends international mobility of investment in sites of production, free trade, trade and financial liberalisation in services\." Global Financial Imbalances Essay – How the arrangements of global trade act as a driver of global imbalances Abstract This paper looks at the different factors causing trade imbalance on the global trade arena. This global financial imbalances essay identifies the different factors that affect the global trade imbalances of trade as envisioned in the global trade agreements. The findings reveal that there is need for countries to look into better ways of ensuring that a level playing field is provided for all and proper mechanisms enacted to ensure that no member state flouts the rules and policies. We will write a custom essay sample on Global Financial Imbalances Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now Introduction Pettis (2013, p. 65) claims that trade is a very controversial issue around the world because many people hold the perception that trade agreements and even trade itself undermines some human rights like labour rights, and even affordable medicine in some cases. Many international institutions have emerged to act as a means for countries to foster new economic order. Some of the institutions include bodies like World Trade Organisation which has eventually replaced the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade to help reduce trade tariffs; the European Union (EU), the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) and the Asian Pacific Economic Cooperation Group (APEC). These trade agreements are being formed to help regions integrate and enable smooth trading among the trading partners. In addition to the aforementioned regional trade agreements, countries are still negotiating other bilateral trade agreements in all parts of the world. (Rebucci et al 2009, p.44). All these efforts are being directed at liberalising the world economy in order to ensure smooth flow of goods and services in the global market. This liberalisation of trade and investment around the globe has made a large contribution to an increase in global trade volumes, portfolio investment and foreign direct investments, all of which have made significant impacts on the member countries. Despite all the advantages that accompany neoliberalism, it has flaws because it has created trade imbalances in the member states. Liberalisation of trade has been appealing to states because of the logic of comparative advantage as it relocates the factors of production to areas where they would yield a greater advantage through subjection to international competition and trade. This is what guided the formation of associations like World Trade Organisation and the European Union. However, this is part of the causative agents for global trade imbalance because the international economy and the financial system are increasingly becoming vulnerable to the policies of the surplus countries as some countries intentionally refuse to play along the rules of liberalisation (Koo 2011, p. 77). You can also review Free Politics Essay – International Political Economy Global Financial imbalances Liberalisation of trade is pursued by states because it defends international mobility of investment in sites of production, free trade, trade and financial liberalisation in services. Therefore economic efficiency lies in the increase in specialisation in production and circulation of goods and services, and reallocation of capital in the global market. However, the recession being suffered by the developed states has leftthe future of trade liberalisation in the balance as these countries may decide to opt for protectionism in order to shield their economies from such adverse effects (Fardoust et al 2011, p. 54). In contrast to the situation in 2008, countries now have some tools which they can use to mitigate the renewed economic downtown which increases the chances of it generating into a recessionIf the economic downtown continues then the protectionist pressure is likely to increase. However Koo (2011, p. 19) asserts that the first countries that will erect trade barriers to cushion themselves against economic downtown will obviously be blamed for the eventual damage that will be made to the global trading system. However, the countries that will be more responsible for this are the ones that skew their industrial structures, exchange rate policies and tax systems to gain competitive advantage. The irony of this scenario is that the governments that are most dependent on the free trade i.e. the ones that produce more commodities than they can consume will be the biggest hindrance to the sustainable recovery of the global economy (Pettis 2013, p. 55). It is therefore advisable for these countries to change course before it is too late for them to act, or else they will suffer adversely if other governments decide to erect new trade barriers because it will affect their market segments. The countries with surplus production have a tendency of exhorting the governments with deficits to live within their means, pay their debts and save more. However the real challenge facing the global economy is the acute lack of aggregate demand. The globe is already awash with savings but profitable investment opportunities are very minimal which manifests itself in the weakness of consumption (Morrison et al 2007, p. 31). The implication for this is that saving more is not a solution to the countries with trade deficits. Indeed saving more will be extremely disastrous as it will reduce consumption. Reducing consumption will depress investment because households will no longer be buying more and as a consequence, aggravate the fiscal problems. If the governments with big trade deficits opt to save more, then those with surplus will be forced to spend more and save less. Fund (2010, p. 66) claims that the weakness of domestic demand in the United Kingdom, United States and the rest of the Eurozone is grossly affecting the global demand but there is nothing to offset it. The governments with big surpluses like Japan, Germany and China are not doing anything to help ease the contraction in demand elsewhere. Such a situation is fraught with risks because for the world to continue enjoying the benefits of global trade and finance, then there must be a mechanism for unwinding the global trade imbalances. This then leads the discussion to the definition of trade imbalance in order to be able to identify its causes and effects. You can also review UK Trademark and Fashion Brands Essay What is trade imbalance? Duncan (2013, p.65) defines trade balance of a government as a reflection of what it spends less what it produces. A country has a trade surplus if its income exceeds its expenditure which enables it to lend the surplus to the countries where their expenditures exceed their income. In so doing these countries are able to accumulate international assets. The countries with a deficit on the other hand are on the flipside of this as they spend more than their income and have to borrow from the governments with surpluses to cover for the difference. However, in the process of covering their difference, they end up accumulating international debts or liabilities. Surplus economies are dependent on the deficit economies just like the deficit economies are dependent on the surplus economies which imply that there is a mutual relationship of dependency. Therefore it is not possible for all governments to run in surpluses or deficits as both must be in existence for the relationship to subsis t. This then leads to the question of whether trade imbalances are sustainable or not. Trade imbalances and the eventual capital flows between governments are not necessarily the problem. The fast ageing wealthy governments often have excess savings which enables them to make investments in economies with insufficient savings to meet their investment needs (Duncan 2013, p.90). Historically, this meant putting more investments in the rapidly developing economies. As long as the current account deficits remain modest and governments invest the surplus in ways that promote economic growth, then such imbalances are sustainable. However, the current trade imbalances around the world are of a different type (Hall et al 2011, p. 70). They are much bigger than was ever anticipated. For instance the most serious is that between China and the United States where China is still maintaining a huge trade surplus with the United States. Most of the other trade imbalances are between economies with the same levels of development, for example Japan and the United States, and between the Eurozone members. Such imbalances are far from benign as they destabilize the flow of capital between economies. For instance the 2007 global financial crisis and the resultant Eurozone crisis were caused by capital flaws between countries (Haddad and, Shepherd 2011, p. 43). The banks that were overleveraged made matters worse as they further amplified the crisis. However, the underlying reason for the capital outflows was economies with surpluses seeking higher returns. The surplus economies like the United Kingdom, United States and the rest of the Eurozone failed to find productive uses for their surpluses. Instead of boosting productivity, the inflow investments ended up raising assets prices leading to excessive borrowing by the households. The trade imbalances survived both crisis and are even growing again at high levels. However, this is not sustainable. Unlike in the period preceding the 2007 crisis, the current deficit has nothing to do with excess demand in the economies with deficit. It is occurring against a backdrop of stagnation and a decrease in the living standards of these economies. Firms and households of the deficit economies are even saving more and there is no offsetting decline in savings in the private sector within the economies with surpluses (Chen et al 2012, p. 47). Against such kind of economic activities, the trade deficits constitute a major hindrance to economic activities as they reduce employment and demand and as a consequence forces governments to intervene by running huge fiscal deficits. The external demand that the surplus economies rely on is heavily dependent on unsustainable policies in the economies with deficits. You can also review Finance Essay on Savings and Loans Crisis Theoretical foundation – Unger: institutional arrangements and outcomes Roberto Unger proposes an institutional arrangement for the organisation of civil societies, democracies and market economies. He claims that neo-liberalisation of trade is based on theory of comparative advantage that is too partial. It is this partiality that has created global trade imbalances. Roberto Unger argues that the current model of comparative advantage used for free trade arguments is not only partial but is also incomplete and empirically inaccurate to permit the formulation of global business policies. His major concern is the trade policies and designs of the global trading systems which he thinks are inherently designed to create trade imbalances (Claessens, et al 2010, p.81). The theory of comparative advantage is incomplete because it has as a premise the existence of an established comparative advantage. The comparative advantage in the real world is a function of a complex array of economic, social, and political factors. As such it is not possible to determine a case for free trade until fully taking into account the manner in which these factors interact to create the regime of an economy. It is these differences relative to unit costs across countries that create comparative advantage. Different trade agreements often have an effect on the patterns of advantage that an economy can develop and then eventual gains it can attain from free trade. In addition to this, the trade theories often find that multiple world equilibriums exists both in the presence of increasing returns and scale economies as well as the conventional return models (Unger 2005, p. 89). Whichever of these equilibriums the global economy leads a country into affects the aggregate efficiency and distribution of the gains from trade across nations. In the process of selecting equilibrium, broader political and social processes are likely to play a significant role. Only once the effects of trade restrictions on social and political forces have been determined and the eventual selection of an equilibrium made, can a definitive case for or against liberal trade policies be made. This is the reason why Unger proposed the development of a more complex theory of trade premised on a set of basic ideas that play analogous role for labelling the assumptions of a formal model. Without the formal model that takes into account all the factors that affect equilibrium, then the trade imbalances will continue to exist. Other Causes of Trade Imbalance Some countries like China are fuelling imbalance in the global economy by devaluing the Yuan like the Japanese did 26 years ago (Aaronson Zimmerman 2008, p.81). The country is accused of intentionally devaluing its exchange rates. Although it is not easy to accurately calculate the exchange rate of the Yuan, economists believe it is undervalued by up to 40% and consensus indicate that the policy of China of stockpiling foreign exchange reserves is responsible for this (Aaronson Zimmerman 2008, p.33). The country has been able to use its huge trade surplus to buy US currency and treasuries in order to maintain a high demand for the US Dollar and make the Yuan appear relatively cheap. This raises the price competitiveness of China against the United States. Acts of money intervention by China to create trade imbalance is deliberate as it spends a lot of money in the market to keep the Yuan undervalued. This market interference by China is fuelling trade deficits in the United States because American companies are forced to outsource jobs to China in order to be able to enjoy cheap labour (Claessens, Evenett Hoekman 2010, p. 64). The purchasing power of the Chinese is equally suppressed because they are less able to afford foreign products and increase their living standards. This makes it hard for foreign companies to sell their products in the country because the weak Yuan renders them expensive for the average Chinese consumer. The manipulation of trade by China is also fuelling overconsumption in the United States by buying up government treasuries. The artificial suppression of the value of Yuan allows the treasury department to lower the long term interest rates. This fuels the western and American debt, over consumption and ensures that the demand for the Chinese exports is sustained. Although such a practice is not illegal, it creates imbalance in the global trade arena. Although the East and China have played a major role in the provision of attractively priced commodities and financing the western debts, the west has also been responsible for the creation of trade imbalance owing to their inability to control their over consumption (Berger and Nitsch 2010, p. 62). Other than the manipulation of currency by China, the country also supresses labour rights thus lowering the costs of production in the country. The repression of labour by the Chinese government has lowered the manufacturing wages of the workers by approximately 47% to 86% (Chen et al 2012, p.86). The country also provides huge direct export subsidies to its major industries in order to boost production for the export market. Finally, China maintains strict non-tariff barriers to imports. This has ensured that the country maintains trade imbalance with other countries and as at 2011 the Chinese exports to the US were more than four times what the United States exported to China. This trade imbalance from China was further enhanced partly when the country was accepted into the World Trade Organisation without inclusion of a clause to improve the environmental standards and the labour conditions. The entry of China into the economic playing field has further worsened things for the domestic workers in the United States in favour of the multinational companies working in China. You can also review Free International Relations Trade Dissertation Essay Conclusion This essay has identified the different factors affecting the balance of trade on the international arena. Some countries are deliberately carrying out actions to influence the balance of trade in their favour at the expense of the other partners. Although there are countries that are interfering with the global balance provided by the international market, there is need for countries to look into better ways of ensuring that a good business environment is provided for all and proper mechanisms enacted to ensure that no member state flouts the rules and policies You can also review International Business Environment Essay References Aaronson, S. A., Zimmerman, J. M. (2008). Trade imbalance: The struggle to weigh human rights concerns in trade policymaking. New York, N.Y., : Cambridge University Press. Berger, H., Nitsch, V., International Monetary Fund. (2010). The Euro?s Effect on Trade Imbalances. Washington, D.C: International Monetary Fund. Chen, R., Milesi-Ferretti, G.-M., Tressel, T., International Monetary Fund., International Monetary Fund. (2012). External imbalances in the Euro area. Washington, D.C.: International Monetary Fund. Claessens, S., Evenett, S. J., Hoekman, B. M. (2010). Rebalancing the global economy: A primer for policymaking. London: Centre for Economic Policy Research. Duncan, R. (2013). The dollar crisis: Causes, consequences, cures. Hoboken, N.J: Wiley. Fund, I. M. (2010). European Financial Linkages. Washington: International Monetary Fund. Haddad, M., Shepherd, B., World Bank. (2011). Managing openness: Trade and outward-oriented growth after the crisis. Washington, D.C: World Bank. Hall, P. V., McCalla, R. J., Comtois, C., Slack, B. (2011). Integrating seaports and trade corridors. Farnham, Surrey: Ashgate. Koo, R. C. (2011). The Holy Grail of Macroeconomics: Lessons from Japans Great Recession. Hoboken: John Wiley Sons. Korea-World Bank High Level Conference on Post-Crisis Growth and Development, Fardoust, S., Kim, Y., Sepulveda, C. P., World Bank., Taeoe Kyo?ngje Cho?ngch’aek Yo?n’guwo?n (Korea). (2011). Postcrisis growth and development: A development agenda for the G-20. Washington, D.C: World Bank. Morrison, C. E., Pedrosa, E., Pacific Economic Cooperation Council., APEC Business Advisory Council., Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. (2007). An APEC trade agenda?: The political economy of a free trade area of the Asia-Pacific. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. Pettis, M. (2013). The great rebalancing: Trade, conflict, and the perilous road ahead for the world economy. Princeton: Princeton University Press. Rebucci, A., Batini, N., Cova, P., Pisani, M. (2009). Global Imbalances. Washington: International Monetary Fund. Unger, R. M. (2005). What should the Left propose?. London: Verso. For other resources, please take a look at our site Journal. 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Relationship Between Obesity And Vitamin D â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Relationship Between Obesity And Vitamin D? Answer: Introducation According toTurer, Lin Flores, 2013, Vitamin D is the principalnutrient responsible for bone metabolism.Ithelps in providing proper skeletal health(Dimitri, Wales Bishop, 2010).Rays of the sun and hepatic synthesis are the two crucial pathways providing Vitamin D support for the body. It is the Vitamin D, which peaks the bone mass accrual during adolescence and childhood (Turer, Lin Flores, 2013). Deficiency of vitamin D (25 hydroxy Vitamin D) is associated with several skeletal problems like increased susceptibility of the fractured bone joints, tooth decay rickets, slipped capital femoral epiphysis and osteomalacia along with Blount disease (Turer, Lin Flores, 2013). According toReyman et al., 2014, deficiency of Vitamin D cause chronic healthcare conditions. These health conditions include hypertension, diabetes(via the affect glucose homeostasis) (Olson et al., 2012), cardiovascular disease, homeostasis and multiple sclerosis(Holick, 2006). One of the principal causes of Vita min D deficiency is obesity(Holick, 2007). Obesity arisingout of the vitamin D deficiency is mostly due to the decreased in the level of bio-available vitamin D3from the cutaneous and other dietary sources(Reyman et al., 2014).Vitamin D is a fat-solubleprotein, increase in the body weight is promoted by the increase in the fat tissue, and Vitamin D gets absorbed inside these adipose tissues leading to deficiency. The alternative theory sates that the increase in the fat tissue disrupt the normal hormonal pathway leading to fragile skeletal function. Obese individuals are found to have low levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] in blood plasma. Low 25(OH)D is associated with high level of immunoreactive parathyroid hormone in blood plasma(Wortsman, Matsuoka, Chen, Lu Holick, 2000). According toMason, Xiao, Imayama, Duggan, Wang, KordeMcTiernan, 2014, supplementation of Vitamin D does not directly promote weight loss but increases the chances of reducing weight. Comparison Between Key Objective of the Research According tothe paper,Vitamin D3 supplementation during weight loss: a double-blind randomized controlled trial13(Paper 1), obesity is associated with deficiency in Vitamin D.It also claims that vitamin D promotes weight loss via improving the metabolic markers(Beydoun, Boueiz, ShroffBeydoun,Wang Zonderman, 2010). However, higher BMI rate is associated with lower concentration of Vitamin D. Although studies related to epidemiologic evidence indicated that the high concentrations of the circulating VitaminD is associated with comparatively less gain in the body weight and significantly lower risk of generating obesity-related metabolic complications (Mai, Chen Camargo Langhammer, 2012).The aim of the study is to investigate how vitamin D supplementation promotes weight loss(Vimaleswaran, Berry, Lu, TikkanenPilz, 2013). The study also aims of explore the unknown sphere of Vitamin D in relation to weight loss as weight loss via several lifestyle intervention as this section still remain s untouched. accounting to Vitamin D deficiency in childhood obesity is associated with high levels of circulating inflammatory mediators, and low insulin sensitivity(Paper 2), the obesity, which is common during the early childhood, is majorly associated with systematic inflammatory reactions and low-grade hypersensitivity (Mora, Iwata Von Andrian, 2008). The hypersensitivity leads to the generation of insulin insensitivity (Gagnon et al., 2012). This insulin insensitivity makes the insulin receptors in the hepatic cells inactive leading to the generation of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Childhood obesity is also found associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease in the later stages of life. This obese child has been found suffering from low blood concentration of Vitamin D. Vitamin D is known for its profound immunomodulatory function, this primary hypothesis of the research paper is Vitamin D deficiency among the childhood obese people has a strong relation with the enhan ced level of systemic infection and increase in the insulin tolerance. According to Prevalence of Vitamin D De?ciency Among Overweight and Obese US Children(Paper 3) ,adequate level of vitamin D in blood is regarded as an essential factor for maintaining proper skeletal health in the developing children who are gradually attaining their puberty (Harel, Flanagan, ForcierHarel, 2011). Although overweight or excess gain of the fat tissue in the body is associated with an increased risk of developing sound vitamin D de?ciency. The research paper aims to elucidate the risk factors, which are associated with the low levels of the Vitamin D in blood of obese or overweight children. Comparison between Methodology Undertaken and the Nature of Participants In Vitamin D3 supplementation during weight loss: a double-blind randomized controlled trial13, randomized clinical trial was performed. The principal target population of the study included 218postmenopausal women in Seattle, WA who are aged in between 50 to 75 years and are overweight. They possessed serum Vitamin D concentration in between =10 ng/mL but Comparison betweenResults and Conclusion The outcome of the study conducted by Mason et al.,showed that Vitamin D3 supplementation during the weight loss regime has no direct relationwith the process of weight loss or other associated factors when compared with the placebo. The women under trial are though are kept under restricted calorie diet and strict exercise regime program. The findings are in sync with the Zittermann et al (2009). However, repletewomen experienced better improvements.The women showed a significant decrease in the CRP than that of the placebo. The research however, failed to elucidate to the extent at which obesity is related with the low concentration of Vitamin D. Moreover, the research also did not explored the validity of the similar results on the basis if the higher Vitamin D concentration. The relation of vitamin D may be significant with weight loss with severely obese women or non-menopausal women but the study did nit explored these diverse directions of the Vitamin D effect. The results of the paper entitled with Vitamin D deficiency in childhood showed that the severe vitamin D deficiency is present in obese children in comparison to the healthy control children. Moreover, The Vitamin D [25(OH)D] deficient obese children showed high level of non-reactive insulin receptors than those of other obese children who are not suffering from vitamin D deficiency. Moreover, obese children with 25(OH)D-deficiency showed greater concentration of the inflammatory mediators in the body. The inflammatory mediators show was found present include chemerin, cathepsin S and soluble vascular adhesion molecule (sVCAM). On the basis of the above results, the study concluded that 25(OH)D deficiency occurring during the childhood of the obese children is directly associated with the enhanced level of systemic inflammation along with reduced level of insulin sensitivity in blood. The high concentration of the inflammatory mediators like cathepsin S and sVCAM give a direct indication of the h yper activation of the pro-inflammatory response. The study further concluded that, the pro-diabetic and atherogenicpathway which are few of the most essential pathways in the body leads to the decrease in the synthesis of the Vitamin D from the hepatic cells. This physiological condition can easily be controlled via external supplementation of vitamin D.The results of this cross sectional study, conducted by the Christy et al., (2012) sowed the direct prevalence of the vitamin D de?ciency in healthy-weight children, overweight children, obese children, and severely obese children children. The percentage was found range 21% (20% 22%), 29% (27%31%), 34% (32%36%), and 49% (45%53%), respectively. As per the available numerical data, it was easy to interpret that the prevalence of the vitamin D de?ciency in blood is severein the obese children in compared with the healthy weight children. The overweight, obese or severely obese children also showed signi?cant greater level of the vitam in D de?ciency. Furthermore, on following the numerical analysis, the modi?able factors, which are associated with the vitamin D de?ciency in the overweight or obese children were critically identi?ed. From the study, this research paper concluded that vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent in the overweight and obese children. This increase in the prevalence of the Vitamin D deficiency suggested that there is an increase in the need of targeted screening and subsequent treatment of this psychology anomaly. Comparative Study of the ArticlesVia Tabular Representation No. Methods Analysis 1 It conducted a randomized control clinical trial among the women in Seattle. The women here selected are post menopausal, obese and aged in between 50 to 75 years. They provided the oral supplementation of Vitamin D from external support and tried to ascertain the affect of Vitamin D in weight loss in comparison to placebo. 2 Cross-sectional study was performed with obese children between the age group of 6 to 16 years. 3 It is a cross-sectional study performed in between the children of 6 to 18 years. They took the data from the survey or NHANES conducted in between 2003-2004 and 2005-2006.Here the children selected include healthy, obese or severely obese and over weight Conclusion and Discussion Analysis Paper 1 Paper 2 Paper 3 The paper showed that Vitamin D is not directly related with the weight loss program among the postmenopausal women. Because, external supplementation of the Vitamin D increases the sensitivity towards insulin and reducesother risk factors of obesity.Itonly helps in fighting back against obesity indirectly. The result of the study showed that obese children suffer from Vitamin deficiency. Because, of vitamin D in blood promotes pro-inflammatory response and drop in the insulin sensitivity and accelerating the weight gain and other weight related complications High prevalence of Vitamin D is associated with the obese children in comparison to non-obese children. The remedy is external supply of Vitamin D to prevent deficiency and not weight loss. Because vitamin D is not the reason behind weight loss, it decreases the insulin sensitivity. All the three papers led to the same direction. They claimed that vitamin D deficiency is an important marker for obesity. However, it is not directly related to weight gain. Drop in the concentration of vitamin D cause increase in pro-inflammatory response followed by deficiency in insulin sensitivity. Decrease in insulin sensitivity causes diabetes mellitus leading to weight gain. Studies though conducted on women or children show that effect of vitamin D deficiency is significant in diverse age group. Three studies showed partially different output from the study due to the different in the focused group undertaken in the study. In study conducted by Importance of Vitamin and Obesity Vitamin D is an important factor for the proper skeletal development. However, it has been found that Vitamin D is highly deficient among the obese people, the condition is same both among the women, men and children. However, external supply of Vitamin D has no direct relation with the weight loss regime. However, external supply of Vitamin D has been found to increase the sensitivity towards insulin. Increase in the tolerance of insulin is the principal cause behind the occurrence of the Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is regarded as a life style disease and is a driving force behind obesity(Mandrup, 2013). Vitamin D thus decreasing the susceptibility towards diabetics mellitus in turn reduce the chance of developing or gaining weight(Mandrup, 2013). However, Vitamin D though not related directly with the obesity but must be treated in active consideration. This is due to the fact thatdeficiency of Vitamin D is associated with the increase in the concentration of the inflammatory mediators in the body and enhanced level of systemic inflammation in blood. Increase in the pro-inflammatory mediators lead to the increase in the level of hypersensitivity response leading to complications. Vitamin D is the main contributor towards the bone development so decrease in the Vitamin D in blood as a result of obesity may lead to generation of fragile bone and at times it may affect in teeth (Mason et al., 2014; Turer, Lin Flores, 2013; Reyman et al., 2014) Opinion about the Articles As per my current understanding, all of the three review papers,I am convinced that there is a direct link between obesity and vitamin D deficiency across the age bracket.I alsounderstood thatVitamin D supplementation is crucial for the obese person.The authors here looked for the right and appropriate papers to perform cross-sectional analysisvia random sampling. They also have stringently cited recent studies focusing the role of Vitamin D in obesity. All the important and relevant studies that have been conducted in this particular field are included in these research papers and are clearly discussed in a collated manner. All the important outcomes, which are associated with the decreased level of VitaminD in theblood are considered in detail.The limitations of the studies are, they do not compare the effect of vitamin D supplementation on obese children and adult individuals. The papers also failed to ascertain the independent effect of Vitamin D apart from weight loss interventi on. The papers also overlooked the effect of other hormones and biomarkers in insulin activity during obesity.These limitations can be overcomed via performing a comparative study of dealing with the effect of vitamin D supplementation on obese children and adultperson while keeping all other biomarkers (related to insulin activity) into consideration.The casual link between vitamin D deficiency and already been established in all the three papers.This relationship or rather finding is extremely helpful for the screening of obese children who are suffering from skeletal malfunction. It is also helpful to promote the weight loss regime for postmenopausal obese women.However, further research must be undertaken in order to understand common link between supplementation of vitamin and weight loss.Manson et al., 2014 however has stated that there is no direct relation of vitamin D with weight loss but they overlooked the effect of other biomarkers and hence research must be undertaken t o refine and support this finding further. Scientifically Justified Arguments According to Reyman et al., vitamin obesity is associated with childhood obesity this was again proved in the paper of Drincic, Armas, Diest Heaney, 2012. According to it cutaneously synthesized and ingested vitamin D in obese patients explains their low level of vitamin D.These findings, was further strengthened by Turer, Lin Flores, 2013. So the deficiency of vitamin D is an established fact in obesity. In the paper, Mason, Xiao, Imayama, Duggan, Wang, Korde McTiernan, 2014, vitamin D supplementation do not increase the weight loss but increases the chances on reducing weight. However, a paper published in the year 2012 by Rosenblum et al., stated that vitamin D when supplemented with calcium promotes the decrease in the accounting of visceral adipose tissue in obese individuals. This variance in the study response may be attributed due to the use of calcium with vitamin D or difference in the focused group people or the diet chart they followed. References: Beydoun, M. A., Boueiz, A., Shroff, M. R., Beydoun, H. A., Wang, Y., Zonderman, A. B. (2010). Associations among 25-hydroxyvitamin D, diet quality, and metabolic disturbance differ by adiposity in adults in the United States.The Journal of Clinical economics Metabolism,vol. 95(8), pp. 3814-3827.https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2010-0410 Dimitri, P., Wales, J. K., Bishop, N. (2010). Fat and bone in children: differential effects of obesity on bone size and mass according to fracture history.Journal of Bone and Mineral Research,25(3), 527-536.10.1359/jbmr.090823 Gagnon, C., Lu, Z. X., Magliano, D. J., Dunstan, D. W., Shaw, J. E., Zimmet, P. Z., ... Daly, R. M. (2012). Low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D is associated with increased risk of the development of the metabolic syndrome at five years: results from a national, population-based prospective study (The Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle Study: AusDiab).The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology Metabolism,vol. 97(6), pp. 1953-1961. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2011-3187 Harel, Z., Flanagan, P., Forcier, M., Harel, D. (2011). Low vitamin D status among obese adolescents: prevalence and response to treatment.Journal of Adolescent Health,vol. 48(5), pp. 448-452.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2011.01.011 Holick, M. F. (2006, March). High prevalence of vitamin D inadequacy and implications for health.InMayo Clinic Proceedings(Vol. 81, No. 3, pp. 353-373).Elsevier. Holick, M. F. (2007). Vitamin D deficiency.N Engl j Med,2007(357), 266-281. Mai, X. M., Chen, Y., Camargo Jr, C. A., Langhammer, A. (2012).Cross-sectional and prospective cohort study of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level and obesity in adults: the HUNT study.American journal of epidemiology,vol. 175(10), pp. 1029-1036.https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwr456 Mandrup-Poulsen, T. (2013). Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.Dermatologic clinics,vol. 31(3), pp. 495-506. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.det.2013.04.006 Mason, C., Xiao, L., Imayama, I., Duggan, C., Wang, C. Y., Korde, L., McTiernan, A. (2014). Vitamin D3 supplementation during weight loss: a double-blind randomized controlled trial.The American journal of clinical nutrition,vol. 99(5), pp. 1015-1025.doi:10.3945/?ajcn.113.073734 Mason, C., Xiao, L., Imayama, I., Duggan, C., Wang, C. Y., Korde, L., McTiernan, A. (2014). Vitamin D3 supplementation during weight loss: a double-blind randomized controlled trial.The American journal of clinical nutrition,vol. 99(5), pp. 1015-1025. DOI: : 10.3945/ajcn.113.073734 Mora, J. R., Iwata, M., Von Andrian, U. H. (2008). Vitamin effects on the immune system: vitamins A and D take centre stage.Nature reviews. Immunology,vol. 8(9), pp. 685. Olson, M. L., Maalouf, N. M., Oden, J. D., White, P. C., business-law, M. R. (2011).Vitamin D deficiency in obese children and its relationship to glucose homeostasis.The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology Metabolism,97(1), 279-285. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2011-1507 Reyman, M., Stuart, A. V., Van Summeren, M., Rakhshandehroo, M., Nuboer, R., De Boer, F. K., ...Schipper, H. S. (2014). Vitamin D deficiency in childhood obesity is associated with high levels of circulating inflammatory mediators, and low insulin sensitivity.International journal of obesity,vol. 38(1), pp. 46. doi:10.1038/ijo.2013.75 Reyman, M., Stuart, A. V., Van Summeren, M., Rakhshandehroo, M., Nuboer, R., De Boer, F. K., ...Schipper, H. S. (2014). Vitamin D deficiency in childhood obesity is associated with high levels of circulating inflammatory mediators, and low insulin sensitivity.International journal of obesity,vol. 38(1), pp. 46. DOI: 0307-0565/14 Turer, C. B., Lin, H., Flores, G. (2013).Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among overweight and obese US children.Pediatrics,vol. 131(1), pp. e152-e161. Turer, C. B., Lin, H., Flores, G. (2013).Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among overweight and obese US children.Pediatrics,131(1), e152-e161. DOI doi:10.1542/peds.2012-1711 Vimaleswaran, K. S., Berry, D. J., Lu, C., Tikkanen, E., Pilz, S. (2013). Causal Relationship between Obesity and Vitamin D Status: Bi-Directional Mendelian.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1001383 Wortsman, J., Matsuoka, L. Y., Chen, T. C., Lu, Z., Holick, M. F. (2000).Decreased bioavailability of vitamin D in obesity.The American journal of clinical nutrition,vol. 72(3), pp. 690-693. Zittermann, A., Frisch, S., Berthold, H. K., Gtting, C., Kuhn, J., Kleesiek, K., ...Koerfer, R. (2009). Vitamin D supplementation enhances the beneficial effects of weight loss on cardiovascular disease risk markers.The American journal of clinical nutrition,vol. 89(5), pp. 1321-1327.10.3945/?ajcn.2008.27004 Drincic, A. T., Armas, L. A., Diest, E. E., Heaney, R. P. (2012). Volumetric dilution, rather than sequestration best explains the low vitamin D status of obesity.Obesity,vol. 20(7), pp. 1444-1448.

The Great Gatsby - The American Dream Essays - The Great Gatsby

The Great Gatsby - The American Dream The Great Gatsby The Great Gatsby, a novel by F. Scott Fitzgerald, is about the American Dream, and the downfall of those who attempt to capture its illusionary goals. This is a common them central to many novels. This dream has varying significances for different people but in The Great Gatsby, for Jay, the dream is that through wealth and power, one can acquire happiness. To get this happiness Jay must reach into the past and relive an old dream and in order to do this he must have wealth and power. Jay Gatsby, the central figure of the story, is a character who longs for the past. Surprisingly he devotes most of his adult life trying to recapture it and, finally, dies in its pursuit. In the past, Jay had a love affair with the beautiful and seemingly innocent Daisy. Knowing he could not marry her because of the difference in their social status, he leaves her to accumulate his wealth to reach her economic and social standards. Once he acquires this wealth, he moves near to Daisy, "Gatsby bought that house so that Daisy would be just across the bay (83)," and throws extravagant parties, hoping by chance she might show up at one of them. He, himself, does not attend his parties but watches them from a distance. When his hopes don't show true he asks around casually if anyone knows her. Soon he meets Nick Carraway, a cousin of Daisy, who agrees to set up a meeting, "He wants to know...if you'll invite Daisy to your house some afternoon and then let him come over (83)." Gatsb y's personal dream symbolizes the larger American Dream where all have the opportunity to get what they want. Later, as we see in the Plaza Hotel, Jay still believes that Daisy loves him. He is convinced of this as is shown when he takes the blame for Myrtle's death. "Was Daisy driving?" "Yes...but of course I'll say I was." (151) He also watches and protects Daisy as she returns home. "How long are you going to wait?" "All night if necessary." (152) Jay cannot accept that the past is gone and done with. Jay is sure that he can capture his dream with wealth and influence. He believes that he acted for a good beyond his personal interest and that should guarantee success. Nick attempts to show Jay the flaw of his dream, but Jay innocently replies to Nick's statement that the past cannot be relived by saying, "Can't repeat the pastWhy of course you can!? (116). This shows the confidence that Jay has in reviving his relationship with Daisy. For Jay, his American Dream is not material possessions, although it may seem that way. He only comes into riches so that he can fulfill his true dream, Daisy. Gatsby doesn't rest until his dream is finally lived. However, it never comes about and he ends up paying the ultimate price for it. The idea of the American Dream still holds true in today's time, be it wealth, love, or fame. But one thing never changes about the American Dream; everyone desires something in life, and everyone, somehow, strives to get it. A big house, nice cars, 2.5 kids, a dog, a beautiful devoted spouse, power and a ridiculous amount of money. That is the classical American Dream, at least for some. One could say, an outsider perhaps, that Americans strive for the insurmountable goal of perfection, live, die and do unimaginable things for it, then call the product their own personal American Dream. Is having the American Dream possible? What is the American Dream? There is one answer for these two questions: The American Dream is tangible perfection. In reality, even in nature, perfection does not exist. Life is a series of imperfections that can make living really great or very unpleasant. Living the American Dream is living in perfection, and that by definition is not possible, thus deflating our precious American Dream. F. Scott Fitzgerald proves this fact in The Great Gatsby, through his scintillating characters and unique style. Characters in books often mirror the author's feelings towards the world around them. In The

My Learned Philosophy and the Afterlife Essays

My Learned Philosophy and the Afterlife Essays My Learned Philosophy and the Afterlife Essay My Learned Philosophy and the Afterlife Essay In the beginning, I dreaded the fact of having to take a philosophy class. It all seemed preposterous to me. Then the final essay topic reflected several emotional responses in the beginning of the class. The Afterlife was only known to this student by means of religious teachings and not researched to the extent of whether or not the Afterlife matters in reference to how we live. How do we live if this unknown place actually exists? Initial readings in chapter assignments opened this student’s eye to a perspective on life that would not usually come up as a topic of discussion. Whether or not there is a God or one ultimate mover is something to struggle with as this student moved further into learning philosophy and its communicators. I have found that there really is not a straightforward answer on discovery or facts of the topic I chose. I found myself learning about philosophers like the great Aristotle. His teachings brought on the questions on everything that existed, the knowledge to find out what it means to be. I have tried to grasp his concepts and reflect this in my final paper. His sense of existence is relevant to me and how I will answer my topic’s questions. Moving further into the weeks I noticed that my thoughts on life changed. I no longer took many things for granted and saw my own life siting in the middle of materialism. This needed to change, the philosophical questions I now asked myself became complex. An example is one question in particular. How do I exist without the everyday â€Å"stuff† I think I need. I have found that existence is not physical but indeed a mental status with a physical body. Studying this helped me decide how to proceed with the research on the way I look at things and the Afterlife. How did others perceive it, this is my question to answer. I found that most of the philosophers I did not agree with but Descartes was not one of those. I still view him the same as I did weeks ago. I am a skeptic to say the least. I question all there is and look for solid proof. For me to write a paper on an unknown object or assumption of a place is challenging for me but have taken the task and hopefully will state matters and not just mere beliefs. Some of my philosophy is drawn to those Eastern influences we discussed but did not know my similarities until reading our chapters on the differences between Eastern and Western. I feel that I am a very spiritual person and hold life and its existence to a higher deity. I pray, I live, I die with honor that I have done all I can to better the lives of those around me. This will move me to a higher place when I die as some of the eastern philosophers believed. In conclusion, I wish to say that this class has taught me how to sit back and look around, question what I do not see and insist on proof of what I do see. I hope that my understanding of philosophy and what I got from taking this class stays with me and the truth will provide proof that the Afterlife is a guide for living. For truth is what we all seek, no matter how we get there and no matter where we end up.

Religious Groups Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Religious Groups - Essay Example In America, religion forms a much more part of public life regardless of what the constitution dictates. Several reasons can be attributed to this. The main reason is that the evangelical Christians in the banner of the moral majority created a determined drive to influence American political leaders. This, therefore, injected religion into American political debates. The influence of religious groups in American politics has not changed over time. This is because religion has always been and is still embroiled in the political life of Americans. As a result, American politicians manifest the obvious significance of religion in everyday lives of people. Religion should be paramount in politics. Even with its weaknesses on a human level, the society would be more chaotic than the way it is presently, without religion. This is so because people, who oppose religion, intend to continue committing sins and wish not to be opposed to them. It would, therefore, be a tragic and profound mistake to attempt to separate religion or God from anything, especially

Business and Trade Relationships between the United States and China Term Paper

Business and Trade Relationships between the United States and China - Term Paper Example As the business relationship between these two nations have gone through a many high points as well as low points, it has been an interesting topic of study for many researchers throughout the world. Furthermore, it is important to understand the different details of the trade relationship in order to get a better idea on how the relationship would continue in the future. This article focuses on exploring the business relationship between the United States and China. Traversing through historical trends, current state of business and future trends, this study would try to identify any potential opportunities for the future and how they can be utilized. In addition, it will also look at the possible challenges and ways to overcome those challenges. A Historical Perspective Early 18th century to World War II Before exploring the current and the potential of future relationships, it is necessary to take a look at way in which trade relations shaped historically. The first trade interact ion between two countries began around the late 1700s through the sea route. After the American Revolution, there was an attempt at sea exploration and American trader ship known as the ‘Empress of China’ arrived in the port of Canton (Dudden, 1992). This arrival of this ship in China was a very remarkable event because of the needs of both these countries. China had a huge demand for raw materials and Americans were on the hunt for anything exotic and oriental (Ng, 1983). This paved the way for a trade relationship between the two nations, which began to be popularly known as the Old China trade. The Americans were very interested in products like tea, cotton and silk, where as the Chinese were interested... Business relationships between the United States and China is a topic of discussion in this term paper. The researcher chose it because of the complex economic relationships between two countries and the way. The United States and China economic relationship has been one that has seen tremendous high points and equally strong low points. During the 1970s, the trade interactions between the United States and China were very less. However, the establishment of good bilateral relationship between both these countries resulted in the expansion of economic ties and hence, there was a considerable surge in the way in which trade and business grew. In due course of time, that is analyzed in the paper China become one of the top five trading partners of the United States and has become the largest market for the exported goods from China. The U.S companies have also been investing in China at a steady pace, especially during the past decade in avenues such as information technology. It is ve ry interesting to note how the trade and business relationship between two nations is heavily dependent on the way in which the political relationship between these nations is at a particular point of time. In conclusion, the researcher stets that while it is clear that trade between these countries have proven to be mutually beneficial, it would require a tremendous effort from the political and economic leadership of both nations to ensure that a strong momentum is maintained in times to come.

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Energy Conversion and Integrated Solid Waste Management - Essay Example Nonetheless, the resultant combustion ash leads to concentration of inorganic hazardous materials in the refuse. Additionally, refuse combustion could yield other chemicals that could be toxic. The remaining 10% of waste has to be disposed off, mostly landfilled. The Integrated Solid Waste Management, ISMW, is a national solid waste management strategy developed by the US Environmental Protection Agency, EPA to assist local communities in making decisions that promote the most environmentally acceptable strategies. This gives a list of five, starting from the most desirable to the least desirable strategy. The first strategy is to reduce the quantity of waste generated from the source to minimize the effect on energy reserves and natural resources. The next most desirable strategy is to reuse materials. After implementing the first two, materials would then be recycled and recovered. Then, combustion, including all treatment methods, follows. Finally, after implementing all the four strategies, the remaining refuse would be landfilled. Engineering helps in balancing community needs when implementing the ISWM strategy to avoid any problems. This strategy has led to the dramatic growth of recycling in the past 20 years, Worrell and Vesilind (2 012) documenting a growth from 10% recycling in 1989 to 59% in 2008 in California and 16% in 1990 to 33% in 2008

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Analysing Leadership In The Godfather Film Studies Essay The Godfather is exciting as it was upon its release in March of 1972. The statement Ill make him an offer he cant refuse still resounds with recognition in the instant. Vito Corleone was a man of morals, principle and valor in a world sorely lacking in either. Vito Corleones first name means life, or alive, and his last means lionhearted are in every way his own man. He has made his life providing people with things denied by other people, gambling, women and justice. Throughout the film, in contrast to the morality of the Don and the corruption of the State. In the wedding scene, we begin to see the relationship between the Don and the State when Tom Hagen tells him that a senator and some of the judges had called to apologize for not being there, but that theyve all sent gifts. And late in the film, it spoke very specifically about the State when Michael said that his father is no different than any other powerful man, any man whos responsible for other people, like a senator or a president. The Don is violent but not corrupt. He cannot be bought and used violence with great restraint. He approaches directly and honestly. In the film, Don is the most principled man. He rejected to participate in the drug business since it would be wrong on moral grounds even at the risk of his own life. Family, friends and integrity are far more important than mere money. The Godfather; the main character is a man who is strong, brave and highly principled to defy the power of the State. (A) Provide a synopsis of the movie relating to aspects of leadership. The storyline Guests were gathered for the wedding reception of Don Vito Corleones daughter Connie and Carlo Rizzi in 1945. Vito is known to friends and associates as Godfather. He and familys lawyer and counselor, Tom Hagen are hearing wishes for special treatment because it is tradition that a Sicilian cannot refuse a request on his daughters wedding day. The Dons youngest son Michael an adorned Marine war hero attempted to tell his girlfriend Kay Adams about his family especially his fathers criminal living; he assures her that he is not like his family. Among the guests at the celebration is the famous singer Johnny Fontaine, Corleones godson, who has come to appeal for Vitos help in landing a movie role that will rejuvenate his declining career. Jack Woltz the head of the studio, refuses to give Fontaine the part and Hagen is sent to California to heal the problem but Woltz told him that he will never cast Fontaine in the role because Fontaine had ruined a starlet that was special to Woltz. Woltz changed his mind anyway when he wakes up early the next morning, pulled back the sheets and finds the severed head of his prized $600,000 horse, Khartoum. When Hagen returns, the family meets with Virgil Sollozzo who is backed by Tattaglia, the rival family. Don Corleone was asked to finance and give political and legal protection for the importation and distribution of heroin. Corleone refused even though he could make a huge profit. The Dons eldest son, Sonny breaks ranks during the meeting. Don Corleone was angry at Sonnys disagreement in a non-family members presence, secretly reprimanded him later. Later, Don Corleone was shot down in a shooting. Tom Hagen was abducted and they used him to persuade and offer Sonny the deal offered to his father earlier. Sonny refused to think over it and issued a challenge or a war would break. They refused and instead sent Sonny Luca Brasis bulletproof vest as a sign that they had murdered him. Michael visited his father at a small private hospital. He was shocked to discover that no one was watching over him. He then realized that his father was yet again being set up to be murdered; he called Sonny for assistance; removed the Don to another room, and went to observe the entrance from outside. Michael engaged help from Enzo the baker who came to the hospital to pay his respects. Together, they managed to deceive Sollozzos men. Police cars appeared bringing the dishonest Captain McCluskey. Captain McCluskey broke Michaels jaw when Michael indirectly said that Sollozzo paid McCluskey to kill the Don. Hagen then arrived to protect Don Corleone and took Michael home. Sonny retaliated by killing Bruno Tattaglia, his son and the under-boss of Don Phillip Tattaglia. Ensuing to the attempt at the hospital on the Dons life, Sollozzo requested a meeting with the Corleones. Michael volunteered to kill both men during the meeting but the rest of the family members found it amusing but Michael persuaded them that he was serious in the killings which he feels was in the familys interest. Michael argued that McCluskey was corrupt and had illegal dealings with Sollozzo; hence he should be killed as well. Prior to the congregation in an Italian restaurant, McCluskey checked for weapons on Michael and he was clean. Michael went to the bathroom, took out a revolver and gravely shot Sollozzo then McCluskey. Michael ran and hid in Sicily. Sonny beat Carlo Rizzi for attacking the Connie who was pregnant. He threatened to kill Carlo if he battered her again. Carlo responded and plotted with Tattaglia and Don Emilio Barzini to kill Sonny. In order to ensnare Sonny, Carlo thrashed Connie again. Sonny in an enraged state drove off alone to execute his threat. He was ambushed on the way at a toll booth and shot to death in his car. In New York City, Don Corleone returned home from the hospital and was distraught to learn that Michael had killed both Sollozzo and McCluskey and that Sonny was dead. Don Corleone met with the heads of the other rival Families to bargain a ceasefire and not seek revenge for Sonnys killing. Ending the conflict was the only way to bring Michael home safely. Revenge would only drain their assets which will then threaten their survival. Vito, changing his mind on the previous decision, agreed that the Corleone family would provide political protection for the Tattaglias heroin trafficking as long as it was controlled and not sold to children. Don Corleone could figure out at the meeting that it was Don Barzini and not Tattaglia who was actually behind the gang war and Sonnys death. Michael waited patiently in Sicily for his exile to end whilst being protected by an old family friend. Michael wandered the countryside aimlessly together with the bodyguards, Carlo and Fabrizio. Michael met and fell in love with Apollonia Vitelli, the beautiful daughter of a bar owner in the village. They got married but Corleones enemies were soon aware of Michaels presence. Apollonia was killed as the couple was about to be shifted to a safer place when their car was bombed; Michael barely got away alive but spotted Fabrizio leaving the grounds hastily seconds prior to the explosion hence incriminating him in the murder plot. Michael returned home when his safety was guaranteed. A year later, he met up with his former girlfriend Kay after four years. He proposed to her and Kay accepted although she was hurt that it took him so long to contact her. With the Don semi-retired, Sonny dead and the middle brother Fredo deemed incompetent to run the family business, Michael was put in charge. He promised Kay he would legitimize the family business completely in the next five years. Peter Clemenza and Salvatore Tessio are the Corleone Familys two captains who complained that they were being shoved around by the Barzini Family and asked for consent to strike back but Michael rejected the appeal. He planned to shift the familys operations to Nevada and soon after Clemenza and Tessio may sever and form their own families. Michael promised Connies husband, Carlo, that he would be his senior man in Nevada. Tom Hagen was removed and became the familys lawyer only; with Vito serving as the consigliere. Hagen complained about his status change and questioned Michael on the new command of soldiers being secretly built under Rocco Lampone but Don Vito explained that Michael was being advised by him. Michael met with the casino boss Moe Greene in Las Vegas. Michael was rejected rudely when he offered to take over Greene. He believed the Corleones were fragile and that he could obtain a better pact from Barzini. Fredo sided with Moe when Moe and Michael were negotiating intensely. Later, Michael cautioned Fredo to never again go against the family. When Michael returned home, Vito told him his expectation that the Familys enemies would attempt to execute Michael by using a trusted link to collaborate a meeting on a ploy for assassination. Vito never meant for Michael to lead a life of crime and hoped that his youngest son would hold a lawful power as a government officer. Soon after, Vito crumpled and died in his tomato garden whilst playing with his grandson Anthony. Tessio suggested meeting with Barzini at the burial which made Tessio as the defector that Vito was anticipating. Michael organized a series of murders while he became the godfather to Connie and Carlos newborn son at the church to happen at the same time. Don Stracci: shot down together with his men in a lift. Moe Greene: was shot in the eye by an unidentified assassin while being massaged. Don Cuneo: shot dead by Willi Cicci: while trapped in a revolving door and Don Tattaglia: murdered in his bed by Rocco Lampone and an anonymous associate. Don Barzini: was shot along with his bodyguard and driver, by Al Neri, disguised in his old police uniform. After the baptism, Tessio thought he was on the way with Hagen to the meeting between Michael and Barzini which he had arranged. He was however circled by Willi Cicci and other hired men instead as Hagen moved away. Tessio realized that Michael had discovered his treachery. He told Hagen that he had always revered Michael, and that his disloyalty was for business only. He asked Tom to release him for old times sake, but Tom could not do so. In the mean time, Michael faced Carlo about Sonnys murder and compelled him to admit his involvement in the ambush. Michael assured Carlo he would not be killed, but excluded from all family business. He gave Carlo a plane ticket to banish himself to Las Vegas. Nonetheless, he was killed on Michaels orders by Clemenza, while getting into the car which was headed for the airport. A frantic Connie confronted Michael and accused him of killing Carlo. Kay questioned Michael about Connies charge but he declined to respond, telling her again never to question about his business. She persisted and Michael lied; assuring her that he did not know and has no part in Carlos death. Kay believed him and was felt relieved. Clemenza and the new captains Rocco Lampone and Al Neri pay their respects to Michael. Clemenza bowed to Michael greeted him as Don Corleone. Michael became the new Godfather. Who is or are the leader/s in the movie Vito Corleone, Sonny Corleone, Michael Corleone The leader/s role in the movie Negotiating, Discussing, Delegating and Instructing (B) Explain the context for each incident relating to leadership aspects in the synopsis. Incidents within the movie involving the leader/s (1) Don Corleone telling Johnny Fontaine that he would help him to be the star in the movie by offering Jack Woltz something that he cant refuse. Leadership in solving problems. (2) Sollozzo had asked Don Corleone to finance and give political and legal protection for the distribution of heroin but Corleone refused even if he could make huge profits saying that his political influence would be in jeopardy by a moving into the narcotics business. Leadership in being responsible to ensure the safety of others. (3) When Sonny who had earlier advocated the family to enter the drug trade broke ranks during the meeting, his father, angry at Sonnys rebellion in a non-family members presence, reprimanded him privately later. Leadership in solving matters/rebuking subordinates not in front of external parties. (4) Michael visited his dad at the hospital and became suspicious when there was no one guarding the Don. He realized that there was yet another murder being set up and he called Sonny for help and removed the Don to another room. Michael enlisted aid from Enzo the baker who had gone to the hospital to give his respects. Together, they managed to deceive the killers. Leadership in recognizing a situation and deciding to solve them. (5) Upon the an assassination attempt on Don Corleone at the hospital, Sonny retaliated by killing Bruno Tattaglia, son and the under-boss of Don Phillip Tattaglia. Leadership in taking the responsibility to solve the problems themselves. (6) When Don Corleone came home from the hospital; found out that Michael had killed both Sollozzo and McCluskey and Sonnys death, Don Corleone met with the heads of the rival families to confer a ceasefire instead of seeking revenge for Sonnys killing. Ending the conflict was the only way to bring Michael home safely. Revenge would exhaust their assets and threaten their survival. Vito agreed that the Corleone family would provide political protection for the Tattaglias heroin trafficking as long as it was restricted and not sold to children. Leadership in recognizing and finding an amicable way to solve the problems. (7) Sonny severely beat Carlo Rizzi for viciously attacking the pregnant Connie, and threatened to kill him if he ever battered her again. Leadership in taking the lead and meting out the punishment. Incidents and the leader/s interaction within the context of the movie (1) Johnny Fontaine, Corleones godson came from Hollywood to lobby Vitos help in getting a movie role to revive his failing career. Jack Woltz, refused to give Fontaine the part. Don Corleone t Hagen to discuss with Woltz and assured Fontaine he would get the role. (2) Don Corleone was asked to finance and give political legal protection for distributing heroin. Even with a huge profit to be made, Corleone refused. (3) Sonny who had urged the family to enter the drug trade broke ranks during the meeting between Sollozzo and the Corleone Family. The Don, angry at Sonnys disagreement in a non-family members presence, secretly admonished him later. (4) Michael asked for help from Enzo the baker who had gone to the hospital to give his respects. Together, they managed to deceive Sollozzos men. Hagen then arrived with guns to protect Don Corleone and took Michael home. Sonny retaliated by killing Bruno, the son and Don Phillip Tattaglia (5) Michael wanted to kill both men during the meeting and he persuaded them that he was serious on the killings. (6) McCluskey searched Michael for weapons before the meeting in an Italian restaurant, and did not find any weapons. Michael excused himself to go to the bathroom where he got back a revolver and upon coming to the table, seriously shot and killed Sollozzo followed by McCluskey. (7) Sonny beat Carlo Rizzi for viciously attacking the Connie, and told him he would kill him if he ever mistreated her again. Angry Carlo then plotted with Tattaglia and Don Emilio Barzini, the Corleones head rivals, to kill Sonny. Carlo thrashed Connie again in order to trap Sonny. In an angry state, Sonny drove off alone to execute his warning. He was ensnared on the way at a toll booth and shot to death in his car. (8) Don Corleone met with the heads of the rival families to discuss on a ceasefire and not seek revenge for Sonnys killing. Ending the conflict was the only way to bring Michael home safely. (9) The Don is now semi-retired, Sonny dead and brother Fredo deemed incompetent to run the family business, Michael was put in charge. He promised Kay he would legitimize the family business completely within five years. (10) Michael promised Carlo that he would be his lead man in Nevada. Hagen was removed as the consigliere and became the familys lawyer only; with Vito serving as the consigliere. (11) Vito Corleone explained to Hagen that Michael was being guided by him. (12) Fredo sided with Moe during the intense negotiation. Michael cautioned Fredo never to take sides with anyone other than the family again. (13) Vito told Michael that he expected the Familys enemies would try to kill Michael by using a link to collaborate a meeting on a pretext for murder. (14) Michael organized a series of murders while attending the baptism of Connie and Carlos newly born son at the church to happen at the same time. Don Stracci: shot down together with his men in a lift by Clemenza. Moe Greene: shot through the eye by an unidentified assassin while being massaged. Don Cuneo: shot dead by Willi Cicci while trapped in a revolving door and Don Tattaglia: murdered in his bed along by Rocco Lampone and an anonymous associate. Don Barzini: shot along with his bodyguard and driver by Al Neri in his old police uniform. (15) Michael faced Carlo about Sonnys murder and compelled him to admit his involvement in the ambush. Michael assured Carlo he would not be killed but excluded from all the familys businesses. He gave Carlo a plane ticket to banish himself to Las Vegas. (16) Connie confronted Michael and accused him of killing Carlo. Kay questioned Michael about Connies charge but he declined to respond, telling her again never to query him about the business. She persisted and Michael lied; assuring her that he played no role in Carlos death. Kay understood him and was relieved. Know your leader/s behavior and characteristics Leadership is behavior of an individual when he is directing the activities of a group towards a shared goal. A leader is someone who sets direction in an effort to influence people to follow that direction. (C) Describe and discuss why the leadership behavior was effective or ineffective Leadership behaviors like task oriented; relations oriented; participative leadership (1) Sonny could keep things as they were but he was unable to make certain situation better. He was not able to make wise decision and always acted rashly. For example when his sister was attacked for the second time. He did not think things through and rushed off alone. As a result, he got himself killed. Sonny was not innovative. He needed someone else to make decision for him and for him to carry things out. He was able to sustain but could not improve them. (Ineffective) (2) Vito Corleone possessed the traits of a leader which were effective. He made decisions which he thinks is the best for the family regardless if the others are not in agreement with him. As a leader, he showed that he was thinking of the long term future. For example when he refused to cooperate with Tattaglia on the heroin trafficking. He was thinking of the familys future ethics and values. (Effective) (3) Michael made the proposal to kill the police chief and head rival. He put the police chiefs motives in the newspaper to control the damage. He removed Hagen as the familys chief advisor since Hagen was always protesting against the way Michael made his decisions. (Effective) Change agent capabilities (1) Sonny was not able to grasp changes and improve them. He could manage to make wise decisions and needed others to decide for him. He could only sustain whatever was at hand. Sonny was more of a manager who could maintain things. (2) Vito Corleone was a leader who would adopt changes for the family even if the others are not in sync with his decisions. He has the leadership traits in him to lead the family well into the future. He forethought what would be in the best interest for the family in the next ten years rather than short term. (3) Michael many changes and ideas to make the Familys business legal in five years as he promised Kay before he married her. He proposed on the new idea to kill the corrupt police chief who was working with the familys rival even though others were amused by his suggestion. He removed Hagen from the advisor role when Hagen was always criticizing and questioning his new ideas. Able to support, able to develop new ideas and recognizing achievement (1) Sonnys style of leadership was ineffective because even though he was able to support new ideas, he was not able to develop the ideas to make them better. He could not make wise decision for the family. He did not think situations thoroughly and would just rush off when there was family crisis. He was not inventive and did not have a thought process of a leader. He could achieve when decisions were made for him. He would exclude other people or matters involved when tackling the problems or issues. He could sustain the situations or conditions but could not improve or make the better. (2) Vito Corleone style of leadership was effective because he could adopt and adapt to new changes or ideas. He was not a person who would just maintain a situation. He would create new improvements in order to achieve his goals. When he was asked by Tattaglia to help in the drug trafficking business, he refused even though he knew it would be benefit the Family greatly. He envisioned the future and hence rejected to cooperate in the business. Even when Sonny rebuked and sided with the other party, he tolerated the outburst but stayed true to his decision. He showed his leadership in adopting changes well after the killings and death of Sonny from his earlier refusal to assist. Upon his hospitalization and many attempts to assassinate him, he relinquished his role as the Don and became an advisor to Michael in the running and leading of the Familys business. He was ethical and declined to get involved in unnecessary killings especially when the younger generations are concerned. (3) Michael Corleones style of leadership was effective because he was working towards improving the familys business and making it better. He promised Kay he would legitimize the business in five years and he tried hard to ensure that it happened. He made the proposal to kill the police chief and head rival and later spread the police chiefs actual motives in the newspapers as a measure to control the damage. Hagen who was a great manager of the familys business could not understand Michaels new ideas and thoughts protested. In response to Hagens actions, Michael relegated his advisor position in the family to just family lawyer despite Hagens complains. Michael was able to achieve his goals working with subordinates who are willing to cooperate and follow his lead. He was able to lead and manage the family to greater success and made himself renown and respected by his rivals. (D) Identify and explain at least two different incidents involving the same leader(s). If the incidents involve two individuals or a group making a decision, leadership behavior by the different individuals can be identified. Executive summary of the two different selected incidents In the opening scene when a funeral director explained to Don Corleone about the men who had beaten and mutilated his daughter got deferred sentences and how the State buffed him the justice which he thought he deserved. He went to see Don Corleone seeking fairness and initially had wanted to ask Corleone to kill them but the Don said out that would not be justified because the daughter was still alive. Bonasera tried to bribe him with money but Corleone was above that. The only price to him for supplying justice was friendship because some day, he would call upon Bonasera to do a service for him. He refused to do murder for money for Bonasera because that would not be justice. (2) The Don was not corrupt but violent. Even though he bought politicians, he himself could not be bought. He used violence but he is not evil. He refused to acquiesce to the State. He used this violence with restraint. The same thing happened with the movie director. The Don first offered friendship to do some specific services; that is making his godson as the star in his new movie but the director refused reasons and in the end woke up with a dead horses head in his bed. The Dons approach was direct and honest. He was the most principled man in the film. He refused to kill in the Bonaseras case because that would not be fair and he declined to take part in Sollozzos drug business, because that would be wrong. He told Sollozzo that drugs were a dirty business. It did not make any difference to him what people do for a living but the drug business is dangerous. Making decision within team, group and individual setting (1) The family met with Virgil Sollozzo who asked Don Corleone for financing, political and legal backings in importing and distributing the heroin. Corleone refused despite knowing the huge profit that could be made explaining that his political pressure would be compromised by going into the drug trade. The Dons eldest son Sonny, who had earlier supported the family to enter the drugs trade, broke ranks in the meeting and queried Sollozzos assurances and guarantees as to the Corleone Familys investment by the Tattaglia Family. Don Corleone was angry at Sonnys opposition in a non-family members presence, reproached him later in private. Don Corleone then sent Luca Brasi to penetrate Sollozzos organization and revert with information. Brasi was stabbed in the hand and subsequently garroted by an assassin. (2) Michael went to visit his father at the private hospital. He was alarmed to find out that no one was watching over him. He then realized that his father was yet again being set up to be murdered; hence he called Sonny for assistance; removed the Don to another room, and went to observe the entrance from outside. Michael engaged help from Enzo the baker who had gone to the hospital to give his respects. Together, they managed to deceive Sollozzos men. Police cars appeared bringing the corrupt Captain McCluskey. Captain McCluskey hit and broke Michaels jaw when Michael implied that Sollozzo paid McCluskey to net Vito Corleone. Hagen arrived with licensed guns to protect Don Corleone and took Michael home. In retaliation, Sonny killed Bruno Tattaglia, son and the under-boss of Don Phillip Tattaglia. Charismatic and transformational roles (1) Vito Corleones first name meant life, and his last name meant a man with a lions heart and who was in every way his own person. He said to his son Michael in the film, I refused to be a fool dancing on a rope held by all those people and he has made his life providing people with things that those people had deprived them of among them gambling, women and justice. (2) Michael waited patiently in Sicily for his exile to end whilst protected by an old family friend. Michael roamed the countryside aimlessly together with the bodyguards, Carlo and Fabrizio Michael fell in love with Apollonia Vitelli, the beautiful daughter of a bar owner in the small village. They got married but Corleones enemies were soon aware of Michaels presence. Apollonia was killed as the couple was about to be shifted to a safer place when their car was bombed; Michael barely got away alive but spotted Fabrizio leaving the grounds hastily seconds prior to the explosion hence incriminating him in the murder plot. Michael returned home when his safety was guaranteed. A year later, he met up with his former girlfriend Kay. He wanted to marry her and Kay accepted his proposal although it took him so long to contact her. The Don who was semi-retired; Sonny dead and the middle brother Fredo deemed incompetent to run the family business, Michael was put in charge. He promised Kay he would legitimize the family business completely in the next five years. Peter Clemenza and Salvatore Tessio, the Corleone Familys captains were not happy being shoved around by the Barzini Family and asked for consent to strike back but Michael rejected the appeal. He planned to shift the familys operations to Nevada and soon after Clemenza and Tessio may sever and form their own families. Michael promised Connies husband, Carlo, that he would be his lead man in Nevada. Hagen was removed as the consigliere and became the familys lawyer only; with Vito serving as the consigliere. In private, Hagen complained about his status change and questioned Michael on the new command of defense force being secretly cultivated under Rocco Lampone. Don Vito explained that Michael was being advised by him. Michael met with the Moe Greene in Las Vegas. Michael was rejected rudely when he offered to take over the casino. Greene believed the Corleones were fragile and that he could obtain a better pact from Barzini. Fredo sided with Moe when Moe and Michael were negotiating intensely. Later, Michael cautioned Fredo to never anyone against the family ever again. When Michael came home, Vito explained that the familys enemies would endeavor to execute Michael by using a trusted link to collaborate a meeting on a ruse for assassination. Vito also said that he had never meant for Michael to lead a life of crime and hoped that his youngest son would hold a legitimate government office. Soon after, Vito crumpled and died in his tomato garden. Michael then arranged for a sequence of murders to take place at the same time while he was attending Connie and Carlos newborn sons baptism at the church. Critically analyze each of the two or more incidents and consider other options the leader (s) could have considered and made (30%) Participative leadership, delegation and empowerment (1) Sonny could have delegated the task of killing or teaching his sisters to his men instead of rushing off alone to handle the crisis. His death caused the family to be in a worse situation then before. (2) Michael could have been taken seriously by the other family members when he suggested killing the police chief and head rival. He should have participated earlier in the familys activities and not only after his father had assassination attempts made upon him. It could have saved Sonnys life if Michael was around to make decisions. Don Corleone should have foreseen Michaels capabilities and empower him to take the lead in the family. Power and influence Vito Corleone was a strong man; sufficiently brave and principled enough to stand up to challenge the power of the State. The type of man we all wished to be and emulate. Vito Corleones family, friends and integrity were far more important than money. Managerial traits and skills Sonny was not able to make wise decisions for his family. He has no clear thought process. For example when his sister was attacked by the husband for the second time, he just rushed off during the crisis. He was a more a manager where he carried out decisions made by others. He could not make anything better because he was not innovative enough to do so. Leading change Michael did not want to get involved in the Familys activities and happy to be a civilian. However when his father, Don Corleone was threatened and had many assassination attempts made on him, his brother Sonny killed and his elder brother deemed incompetent to lead, he had no choice but to take over the realm with Don Corleone as his advisor. He promised Kay before he married her that he would make the business legitimate in five years He planned to shift the familys operations to Nevada and soon after Clemenza and Tessio may sever and form their own families. Michael promised to make Connies husband his right lead man in Nevada. Hagen was removed and became the familys lawyer only; with Vito serving as the consigliere. Hagen complained about his status change and questioned Michael on the new command of defense force. Don Vito explained to Hagen that Michael was being counseled by him. Michael met with the casin

A Case Of Needing: Serious Revisions :: essays research papers

A Case of Needing: Serious Revisions   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Michael Crichton has penned some of the most engaging, timely, and thoroughly accessible tales to be published in the last twenty-five years. What his novels lack in literary merit and distinctive style they make up for in crisp plotting and edge-of-your-seat suspense. From alien viruses to regenerated dinosaurs, from evil Japanese monoliths to the insidious maneuverings of the modern corporation, Crichton latches onto the scientific and political controversies of the day, and squeezes out of them every last ounce of shock value. At least, that's usually what he does.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A Case Of Need could have used quite a bit more shock value. The problem is largely a matter of timing; when the book came out in 1969, the moral dilemma surrounding illegal abortions was still a hot enough topic to seem ripped from the headlines. Though abortion certainly remains a hot-button issue, the debate has shifted. For the time being, at least, the argument centers on whether or not the act should be legal, not on whether or not doctors are currently breaking the law by performing them.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The antiquated plot line is not the story's main flaw. The biggest drawback here is a one-two punch of highly technical prose employed to relate a thoroughly dull story. Karen Randall, the daughter of an eminent physician, dies as the result of a botched abortion. Art Lee, a Chinese obstetrician, is accused of performing the D & C that has resulted in her death. Though Lee is known to be an abortionist, he vehemently denies any involvement in the case. Lee calls upon his friend, forensic pathologist John Berry, to clear his name.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  John Berry careens back and forth from one Boston hospital to another, trying to figure out who actually performed Randall's abortion, and why it killed her. The investigation is complicated by the fact that Randall was not even pregnant. Slowly, a picture emerges of Randall as a freewheeling, loose woman with several abortions in her past, and connections to some shadowy underworld characters. Berry ultimately discovers that a drug-dealing musician was actually at fault for Randall's death.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Why did Michael Crichton write this book? The answer seems fairly obvious. Still fairly immersed in his medical school learnings, Crichton must have seen it as a chance to demonstrate just how much knowledge he had gained during his time at Harvard. Numerous medical procedures are described in detail, supplemented by footnotes and appendices for readers not in the know.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  All of this technical gobbledygook turns out to be almost totally superfluous. Berry clears Lee's name largely through old-fashioned detective

Ethical Issues for School Counselors

The Ethical Issues for School Counselors Ethical issues arise more often for school counselors than for those who work in other settings. The challenge of working not only with minors but also with other stakeholders including parents, teachers, school administrators, and community members sets the stage for potential legal and ethical dilemmas. Awareness and adherence to ethical codes, therefore, is critical if school counselors are to make appropriate, ethical decisions. This article enhances school counselors' knowledge of ethical codes by using actual cases as submitted by school counselors.The issues are presented in a quiz format for further discussion and relate each scenario to particular ethical codes. The school counselor's primary obligation is to the student. This includes advocating for students, defining the role of the counselor, and adjusting work assignments so student’s needs are met. Regular meetings between school counselors and school principals have been touted as effective catalysts towards redirecting assignments that are counterproductive to student needs. It seems apparent that school counselors need viable methods to educate themselves about ethical conduct as well as to educate other stakeholders.Realistic scenarios are often difficult to encounter and might assist in the aforementioned tasks. This article was written to aid school counselors as they seek solutions to ethical dilemmas as well as to provide a nonthreatening format in which to enlighten principals and parents about appropriate responses. This article utilized the American Counseling Association (ACA) Code of Ethics (2005) and American School Counselors' Association (ASCA) Ethical Standards for School Counselors (2004) to arrive at answers at the ensuring discussions.While conclusive answers follow scenarios in the cases, the quiz was written to offer an opportunity to evaluate knowledge of current ACA and ASCA codes of ethics and facilitate discussions concernin g other appropriate alternatives. Answers were provided to help school counselors take a proactive rather than reactive stance when similar events occur. The ethical issues described in the article were submitted anonymously by school counselors practicing in the panhandle of Texas. These cases were not solicited; rather, counselors sent them to counselor educators at a local university so they might receive consultation.It is hoped this examination aids school counselors in the creation of proactive future plans when faced with ethical situations. Because no written quiz can offer indisputable answers, additional strategies are need to overcome difficult ethical dilemmas. The quiz can aid counselor educators as they strive to deepen ethical discussions in school counseling courses. As stated in class each person has the right to receive the information and support needed to move toward self-direction and self-development.Each person has the right to understand the full magnitude an d meaning of his/her educational choices and how those choices will affect future opportunities. Special care should be given to students who have historically not received adequate educational services: students of color, low socio-economic students, students with disabilities and student with non-dominant language backgrounds. The Standard G. Maintenance of Standards states that, professional school counselors are obligated to take appropriate action when they see the standards are not being followed.That being said, counselors must have knowledge of codes of ethics as well as local, state, and federal laws; school policies; seek consultation; and stay informed of changes in order to make ethical decisions. Being fully informed helps school counselors be prepared in situations that demand careful judgment and protect the welfare of the children within the school. This quiz and the strategies mentioned previously can be a useful tool in achieving this goal. Reference Froeschle, J. F. Crews, C. C. (2010). An ethics challenge for school counselors. EbscoHosthttp://www. ebsohost. com

Free Essays on Annie John

Journal response â€Å"The Museum today is a very different place from the Museum of half a century ago. Now, high technology laborites filled with computers and electronics can be found next door to storerooms full of human mummies or snakes coiled in jars of alcohol. The collections are being cared for and studied in ways that Roy Chapman Andrews never dreamed of.† (Preston 118) I am really amazed of how many wonderful collections of many kinds of many years, histories, and civilization this museum contains. Also how one habit of just collecting turned into a great restoration of human civilization and everything around human that can possibly be restored? The museum to me is like the dictionary of life that includes many active things like the human who visits it and the appreciated scientists who work in it and the interactive things that trigger the whole theme of life, which is education. Restoring and passing education through generation is a unique effort and effective process that balances the amount of information and evidences that is collected no matter how insignificant it might be. The civilization and modernization of the museums bring the question, which is: is the restoration of information can be significant through civilization? . My answer is absolutely not, because human restoration and the idea of keeping education and information to pass it through generation have been part of the human behavior since the human existed. The information has been restored by many means: its been carved in caves, through means of survival, and money other ways and if not by the human body itself. Even the way the information was restored produces another kind information of the technology or tools that has been used to do so. For example this museum tells a whole deal about the way its information displayed through art, advanced technology, the most up to date tools that can be used to take care of the human history. The hum... Free Essays on Annie John Free Essays on Annie John Journal response â€Å"The Museum today is a very different place from the Museum of half a century ago. Now, high technology laborites filled with computers and electronics can be found next door to storerooms full of human mummies or snakes coiled in jars of alcohol. The collections are being cared for and studied in ways that Roy Chapman Andrews never dreamed of.† (Preston 118) I am really amazed of how many wonderful collections of many kinds of many years, histories, and civilization this museum contains. Also how one habit of just collecting turned into a great restoration of human civilization and everything around human that can possibly be restored? The museum to me is like the dictionary of life that includes many active things like the human who visits it and the appreciated scientists who work in it and the interactive things that trigger the whole theme of life, which is education. Restoring and passing education through generation is a unique effort and effective process that balances the amount of information and evidences that is collected no matter how insignificant it might be. The civilization and modernization of the museums bring the question, which is: is the restoration of information can be significant through civilization? . My answer is absolutely not, because human restoration and the idea of keeping education and information to pass it through generation have been part of the human behavior since the human existed. The information has been restored by many means: its been carved in caves, through means of survival, and money other ways and if not by the human body itself. Even the way the information was restored produces another kind information of the technology or tools that has been used to do so. For example this museum tells a whole deal about the way its information displayed through art, advanced technology, the most up to date tools that can be used to take care of the human history. The hum...